Population ecologist William Rees warns of an impending “population correction” due to unsustainable human growth and resource consumption. Earth’s 8 billion population strains the ecosphere, with potential for civilizational collapse before the century’s end. Rees attributes this to our evolutionary traits driving overconsumption and short-term thinking, amplified by fossil fuels. Climate change and mass extinction are just part of the problem. Solutions like renewables don’t address population growth. Technology must match consumption demands, or food shortages, habitat loss, conflict, and disease may lead to decline. Rees advocates holistic solutions and calls for awareness to restore balance between humanity and the planet.