The rising interest in macroalgae cultivation for food, fuel, and bio-products faces persistent challenges in large-scale, sustainable production. To maximize benefits, fundamental issues must be addressed. A plan suggests transitioning to an environmentally sustainable aquaculture system using non-toxic nanoparticles and genetic enhancement. Challenges persist in economically feasible and sustainable cultivation across regions, requiring innovation in the macroalgae aquaculture industry. Nano-technology is pivotal, enhancing biomass output and high-value goods in seaweed farming. However, its environmental and health risks warrant further investigation. Genetic engineering offers promise in bridging fundamental and applied seaweed science, optimizing composition for large-scale demands. A multidisciplinary approach, merging knowledge with computational tools, can efficiently control biological processes, improving productivity and sustainability. Continuous innovations are imperative amid global climate change, necessitating ongoing research and acceptance among the scientific community.
